How Sleep Cycles Work
Sleep runs in ~90-minute cycles through light sleep, deep sleep and REM. Waking mid-deep-sleep causes grogginess (sleep inertia) that can last an hour; waking between cycles — in light sleep — feels natural and alert. Timing beats raw duration for how you feel.
How Much Sleep Do Adults Need?
The NHS recommends 7–9 hours for adults — that’s 5–6 full cycles. Consistency matters as much as quantity: the same bedtime and wake time daily (weekends included) trains your circadian rhythm.
Falling Asleep Faster
- No screens 30–60 minutes before bed (blue light suppresses melatonin)
- Cool room — 16–18°C is optimal
- Caffeine has a 6-hour half-life — last coffee before 2pm
- Consistent wind-down routine signals sleep to your brain
Frequently Asked Questions
What time should I go to bed to wake at 7am?
Working back in 90-minute cycles plus 15 minutes to fall asleep: 9:45pm for 6 cycles (ideal) or 11:15pm for 5 cycles.
Why do I feel groggy after 8 hours of sleep?
You likely woke mid-cycle during deep sleep. Waking at a cycle boundary in light sleep feels far better even with slightly less total sleep.
How long is one sleep cycle?
About 90 minutes, moving through light sleep, deep sleep and REM. Adults need 5–6 complete cycles a night.